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Domagoj ((ラテン語:Domagoi)) (died 876) was a duke ((クロアチア語:knez)) of the Duchy of Croatia in 864–876 and the founder of the House of Domagojević. He usurped the Croatian throne after the death of Trpimir I and expelled his sons. He took a more active role in the Adriatic Sea than his predecessors, encouraged the use of force and waged many wars, specifically with the Arabs, Venice and the Kingdom of the East Franks. Domagoj's belligerence and the tolerance and support of piracy caused bad relations with the Pope, which was further worsened after Domagoj showed no mercy to his conspirators. Formally a Frankish vassal, he used to his advantage the Frankish succession crisis and started a successful revolt against Carloman of Bavaria. After his death in 876 Domagoj was succeeded by his son, who was in 878 deposed and expelled by Zdeslav. ==Wars with Venetians and Arabs== Following the death of Duke Trpimir I in around 864, he was succeeded either by his son Zdeslav, who was shortly after deposed by Domagoj in a civil war,〔John Van Antwerp Fine: The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century, 1991, p. 296〕 or directly by Domagoj. Domagoj became the Duke of the Duchy of Croatia and Trpimir's sons, Petar, Zdeslav and Muncimir, were forced into exile and fled to Constantinople.〔(Florin Curta: Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500-1250, p. 139-140 )〕 After Domagoj's succession the situation on the Adriatic changed significantly. Venice began to express its aspirations in obtaining supremacy on the Adriatic and under Doge Pietro Tradonico Venice gained more independence from the Byzantine Empire.〔Ivo Goldstein: Hrvatski rani srednji vijek, Zagreb, 1995, p. 252〕 During Domagoj's reign piracy became a common practice, Venetian ships were often attacked in the eastern Adriatic Sea, which caused bad relations with Venice. As soon as Orso I Participazio was elected as the Doge of Venice, he broke the long lasting peace treaty signed with Duke Mislav and attacked Croatia, which was still occupied with fighting over Trpimir's inheritance.〔Neven Budak - Prva stoljeća Hrvatske, Zagreb, 1994., page 15 〕 In 865 Domagoj was forced to make an unfavourable peace with the Venetian Republic, giving hostages to Venice as a guarantee for safe passage of Venetian ships in the Adriatic Sea.〔''Iohannes Diaconus: (Istoria Veneticorum )'', p. 130 "''Prelibatus quidem Ursus dux adversus Dommagoum Sclavorum principem cum navali expedictione properavit, sed cernente eo Veneticorum multitudinem proibuit pugnam, pacem requisivit. Deinde acceptis obsidibus dux ad Venetiam''"〕〔Ivo Goldstein: (Hrvatski rani srednji vijek ), Zagreb, 1995, p. 253〕 In the meantime, the Arabs were attacking the Dalmatian coast. The Arabs also held several cities on the Italian coast, including Bari and Taranto. After ravaging Kotor, Kišan and Budva, in 866 the Arabs started besieging Dubrovnik, which resisted the attacks for 15 months and was finally defended by the help of Byzantium.〔 The Byzantines regained initiative in the Adriatic and attacked Bari in 868 together with the Franks, but soon recalled their forces blaming Franks for inactivity. Domagoj helped the Franks, as their vassal, to seize Bari from the Emirate of Bari in February 871. Ships from Dubrovnik also participated in the attack. Although the Arabs were still dangerous with their raids in the Adriatic, the Venetians were the main enemy of Domagoj. In the meantime, Byzantium restored control over several Dalmatian cities and the Narentines, while the Venetians renewed their attacks on Croats. An attempt to overthrow Domagoj, possibly from the Trpimirović dynasty and with Byzantine help, forced Domagoj to a temporary peace in order to deal with the rebels. Domagoj dealt with them quickly and cruelly.〔Neven Budak - Prva stoljeća Hrvatske, Zagreb, 1994., page 16 〕 The conspirator that revealed him the plot was also killed, since he hoped that it will save his life.〔Ivo Goldstein: (Hrvatski rani srednji vijek ), Zagreb, 1995, p. 255-256〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Domagoj of Croatia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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